When should gravity davits be hand cranked, and how far?

The correct answer is that gravity davits should always be hand cranked 12 inches into the final stowed position. This ensures that the lifeboat is securely stowed and reduces the risk of accidental deployment while the vessel is in motion or at rest.

Hand cranking the gravity davits to the specified distance guarantees that the lifeboat engages properly with the davit arms and is held in place by the gravity mechanism. This process is vital for safety, as it prevents the lifeboat from becoming dislodged or improperly secured, which could jeopardize its readiness for deployment in an emergency situation.

In the context of the other options, there are specific reasons they do not align with proper protocol. Loading a lifeboat before adjusting the davits, for instance, could shift weight and affect balance during the stowage process, compromising the safety of the operation. Cranking only when "necessary" can lead to inconsistent practices that may overlook critical safety checks. Preparing for launch with an 18-inch crank may not meet the standardized safety protocols, as different vessels may have varying requirements for the final stowed position. Thus, following the guideline of always cranking to the final stowed position of 12 inches is the safest and